activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter answer key
Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key, locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet pdf, chapter 7 lab 1 locating epicenters answer key, how many seismographs are needed to locate the epicenter of an earthquake. Tips: Make sure students are reading the S waves and not the P waves. Great-circle arcs are drawn on the globe using the distance of the earthquake to the station as a radius. Activity4:LocatinganEarthquakeEpicenter Objectives:Ifyoucompletealltheproblems,youshouldbeableto: Identif Focal Depth. As you read and complete the activity, take notes so you can complete the. Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud), Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications (Gay L. R.; Mills Geoffrey E.; Airasian Peter W.), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. Cheever), Psychology (David G. Myers; C. Nathan DeWall), The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber), Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. The, amount of time that passes between the Pwave arrival and the Swave arrival is. Richter magnitude scale: An earthquake measurement scale created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. endstream
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Then from the same recordings they determine the earthquake's magnitude, an estimate of the amount of energy released during the earthquake. minutes = 6 minutes. earthquake - shaking and vibration of Earth's surface. The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake. inch = 500 km. 0000005081 00000 n
surface wave? Adjust the timing to the class period, remembering that you will need time to introduce the investigation, clean up afterwards, and re-set up for the next class (if you are working with more than one class). The spot where those three circles intersect is the epicenter (Figure 13.12). 12), Seek, evaluate, and use a variety of specialized resources available from libraries, the Internet, and the community to find scientific information on Earth's history
Sharing Information/Thinking Ahead: In the Evaluate section of the worksheet, student pairs are asked to compose answers to two questionswhether they think seismology is a reliable science and ways seismic data is useful for engineers. Section 8.1 What Is an Earthquake? The American Geosciences Institute represents and serves the geoscience community by providing collaborative leadership and information to connect Earth, science, and people. within type by subtype, then by grade, etc. The USGS Earthquake Hazards Program is part of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP), established by Congress in 1977, and the USGS Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS) was established by Congress as a NEHRP facility. %PDF-1.5
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Then do the same for the S-wave. In this activity, students use an online simulationVirtual Earthquakethat is accessible through the Earthquakes Living Lab interface, to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by making simple measurement on three seismograms, recordings of an earthquake's seismic waves detected by instruments (seismographs) far away from the earthquake. The uses of technologies and any limitations on their use are driven by individual or societal needs, desires, and values; by the findings of scientific research; and by differences in such factors as climate, natural resources, and economic conditions.
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hb```f``Rl@ (l"`+uk?0.a~@6Vm;| G3f`75@v@Wz|A4#w9{(` ) Answer Key: Lab 5 Earthquakes - Find People EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves . Use the process of triangulation to locate an earthquake's epicenter. Earthquakes and Volcanoes. Make arrangements so that each student group has a computer with Internet access. Finding the epicenter of an Earthquake by Ah - Ha Lessons 5.0 (1) $3.00 PDF Activity This lesson teaches the student the process scientists use to locate the epicenter of an EQ. velocity, amplitude, and frequency of the 500p;333aXb3
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P wave. For this activity, select the "Chile" box. P and Swaves are body waves and travel, through the interior of the earth.
Introduction: Before student pairs look at the Earthquakes Living Lab, direct them to complete the Engage section of the Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, which asks them to apply any prior knowledge and/or speculate as to what the Richter magnitude scale is and what an epicenter is. Subject Areas:
Finding the Epicenter. minutes? d>(ZvO= Moment magnitude scale. Answer the following questions in the spaces provided. Great exercise for Regents Earth Science. Finding the epicenter worksheet answer key. Thus technology use varies from region to region and over time. earthquake though). (Source: USGS). minute apart, represent the passage of time Through the online Earthquakes Living Lab, student pairs explore various types of seismic waves and the differences between shear waves and compressional waves. After reading about earthquakes, open a new window to an Earthquake Simulator at, Follow the simulation instructions. Key Facts & Information. 4. fault - a fracture in Earth's crust where the rocks on either side have moved. Specifically, seismographs make recordings (seismograms) of the seismic waves generated from earthquakes, providing engineers and other researchers with data that they use to make predictions about future earthquakes. 0000030968 00000 n
THREE SEISMOGRAMS Seismogram A - New York, NY 1 minute 1. ACTIVITY 4.2B Locating an Earthquake Figure 4.5 shows seismograms for the same earthquake recorded at three locations - New York, Nome, Alaska, and Mexico City. earthquake lab lab: locating the epicenters of earthquakes objective measurable learning outcomes use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew My Library Discovery Institutions Western Governors University Southern New Hampshire University Scientists and engineers around the globe gather data through observation and experimentation and use it to describe and understand how the world works. hbb2b`b``a I @
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located 1,000 miles from the Locating The Epicenter Of An Earthquake Worksheet Answers, Content Outline Earthquakes For Teaching - Mrs. Parsiola's Homepage, Earthquakes & Volcanoes Test Review Answers, Earthquake Facts & Worksheets | Mechanism, Impact, Events, Quiz & Worksheet - Causes Of Earthquakes - Study.com, 15 Bill Nye - Earthquakes Worksheet Key | PDF - Scribd, Bill Nye-The Science Guy * - Biloxi Public Schools, psc plus two level preliminary exam syllabus pdf 2023, first tuesday real estate principles exam answers, ies exam pattern for mechanical engineering, resultados examen practico dgt las palmas, exame de sangue precisa de quanto tempo de jejum, sslc question paper 2023 karnataka pdf with answers social science, examen de formacion civica y etica tercer grado secundaria, ctet exam date 2023 application form last date, why is it important to do self breast exams, quanto tempo depois de infectado pelo hiv aparece no exame. Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. What about P waves? This investigation is considered generally safe to do with students. The wavelength and frequency of a wave are related to one another by the speed of travel of the wave, which depends on the type of wave and the medium through which it is passing. and S waves depends on the distance from the epicenter of the answer the following question. moment magnitude scale: Similar to the Richter scale, but replacing its use starting in the 1970s for more accuracy in measuring big earthquakes (magnitudes > 3.5) from greater distances. In Figure 13.9, there is an example seismogram from a station that includes a minor earthquake. As discussed earlier in this lesson, this method of determining the epicenter of an . Alignment agreement:
Use this information to complete the following. X!.43p2t!}SLx-3z.KN4X+H\+vk? How far do S waves travel in 5 Resources. 0000002009 00000 n
Finding the Epicenter Determine the epicenter distance from three different seismographs. 0000004457 00000 n
Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. Earthquake Location 2 Using the skills that you acquired in the picking P and S arrivals, you can now locate an earthquake using real seismic records. approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? Hand out the worksheets to the groups and direct them to read through the instructions. Y$Kr;V6[;Dq vg~cx:A[^jCssupwD
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To do this, have the students use, Find the epicenter of the earthquake on the map (. (Figure 3):. The USGS now uses the MMS to estimate magnitudes for all modern large earthquakes. After this activity, students should be able to: Each TeachEngineering lesson or activity is correlated to one or more K-12 science,
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=Cv :~4yrXP 62{_,*Uq/O-oUNBr-$y~:G},#3e^CS6U*_zVGY7ZNUWk2f?? {%!,"{u5E&OOqA_"/uxn-kx+Vz*EQb)Q Geologists use seismic waves to locate an earthquake's epicenter. Epicenter is the location on the surface of the Earth directly above where the earthquake starts. 12), Evaluate ways that technology can impact individuals, society, and the environment. Figure 1 is a simplified example of a For purposes of this activity, the least complicated and probably most accurate approach is to just use the term "magnitude," without needing to say "on the Richter scale" or "on the moment magnitude scale." Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video - shake, shake, shake. 6. For lower grades, just introduce the concepts of triangulation and the magnitude scale; a thorough understanding of P and S waves is not vital. 0000103591 00000 n
S-P interval: The time interval between the arrivals of P and S waves. atrial depolarization. The simulation renders three circles on a map and directs students to find the epicenter. It travels faster than the same earthquake's S wave (almost double the speed) and is similar to sound waves. American Geosciences Institute. Seismic Waves. All rights reserved. lag time. Click for facts and worksheets in PDF! Every earthquake is recorded on numerous seismographs located in different directions. So next, students compute the magnitude of this same earthquake by looking at the three simplified seismograms again, but this time selecting each's maximum S wave amplitude (height). 17 Station St., Ste 3 Brookline, MA 02445. hb```b````e``n`d@ A
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What did it feel like? We additionally manage to pay for . While earthquake locations are normally done with a computer that can quickly determine the paths of seismic waves through the Earth to many seismic stations, 15 Introduction to Geology Chapter Worksheet . Scientists use triangulation to find the epicenter of an earthquake. What is the 0000001736 00000 n
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Locating Epicenter Lab Worksheet (1).docx, Updating Patient Registration B at 08_10_2022 03_03 PM.pdf, You need to deploy an Azure environment that meets the company migration plan, Step 1 of 2 Program 1 A Simple Python Program Welcome with Two Messages Running, More women in academia report polarization assimilation in male skewed and male, A TACACS B RADIUS C Kerberos D SAML Correct Answer D QUESTION 321 A network, PTSD in Children and Adolescents - Copy - Copy - Copy - Copy.docx, Effects of Excitation and Prime Mover Control The excitation control helps to, D1 Fundamental security design principles.docx, Question 5 Correct Mark 100 out of 100 Remove flag Question 6 Correct Mark 100, Thomas Concurrence broadly attacked current NDD Federal gov should be allowed to, 769 Water at 15C is to be heated to 65C by passing it over a bundle of 4 m. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. 4. Locating Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answer Key buysms de. If a quake is far from the seismograph, the P-waves arrive long before the S-waves. This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. to the lag time measured at this location? To abbreviate, use the symbol M (a capital M, plain text, no sub/superscripts) expressed to the nearest 0.1. Entering the three maximum amplitudes generates a nomogram, a graphical device that simplifies the process of estimating magnitude from distance (determined earlier in the tutorial from the S-P interval process) and amplitude. Short for "secondary wave" or "shear wave." Seismic stations detect earthquakes by the tracings made on seismographs. Use this information to complete the following. HTn {0,`K6}(J6]&Q^"!q57y_VQ9fp3/?Mc=KGsrrt:c\$Lh`4}>C>`qcSj0[YpZ_Su(322/N
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Explain the difference between S and P waves, and how their time interval is used to determine the epicenter location. Conclude the activity with a class discussion (and perhaps homework questions) to share ideas and answers, as described in the Assessment section. This worksheet focuses on using the p and s graph to find different variables. What data is used to determine magnitude? In a concluding class discussion, have groups share their ideas about engineering and one new thing they learned about earthquakes. How does the period of the P waves compare to the period of the surface waves? In this 1-to-10 logarithmic scale, each succeeding level representing 10 times as much energy as the last. HS-PS4-1. HlRnQ?R\>BjK' approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? Draw your signature, type it, upload its image, or use your mobile device as a signature pad. 5. focus - the point within Earth where an earthquake originates. $8.25. Divide the class into student pairs, and have them assemble at their computers with journals/paper and writing instruments. 83 0 obj
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epicenter of an earthquake, how graph. While no one can predict earthquakes, knowing the intensities, frequencies and locations of past earthquakes and fault planes helps us to better anticipate the locations and forces to expect, so we can do our best to prepare our communities and infrastructure to withstand them safely. Use of the TeachEngineering digital library and this website constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. In order to determine the location of an earthquake epicenter, seismographsfrom at least three different places are needed for a particular event. Use Figure 5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4 to determine . It's a logarithmic scale from 1 to 10 with each succeeding level representing 10 times as much energy as the last. 87 0 obj
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Encourage them to explore all of the Earthquakes Living Lab as they complete the worksheet. We have answers to the most popular questions from our customers. (, Have any of you ever experienced an earthquake or know anyone who has? Have students turn in their answers for the Explain portion of the worksheet. Legal. For example, the western United States has earthquakes more frequently and on a larger scale than the eastern part of the country. The epicenter is the point directly above it at the surface of the Earth. 0000030504 00000 n
Mark the first arrival of the swave on each seismogram. At least 3 earthquake recording stations are required to find the location of the earthquake epicenter. Doing this generates an S-P interval graph (time vs. distance, called the travel-time curve graph) from which they determine and select three epicentral distances. Was there an initial quake followed by smaller quakes? farther from the epicenter of an earthquake? Privacy Policy, Seismograms from seismic stations in Fresno, CA, Phoenix, AZ, and Las Vegas, NV, A modified travel time curve for S-P wave, A Modified Travel Time Curve for S-P Wave. Most of these earthquakes are small tremors that cant be felt by people, but occasionally an earthquake occurs on a large magnitude that causes millions of dollars in property damage and kills hundreds to thousands of people. How does distance from the epicenter affect the magnitude (height) of the seismograph reading? Focus (aka Hypocenter) is the location in the Earth where the earthquake starts. 3000 miles. Make changes to the sample. Once three seismographs have been located, find the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave . 0000002507 00000 n
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Must engineers be content with mitigating disasters, instead of preventing them? (Source: USGS, Wikipedia). 92 0 obj
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View Notes - Locating_an_epicenter_activity from SCIENCE Earth Scie at Toms River High North. Students learn how engineers build shake tables that simulate the ground motions of the Earth caused by seismic waves in order to test the seismic performance of buildings. Activity 4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter, The three basic types of seismic wave generated by an earthquake at its focus are P, waves, Swaves, and Surface waves. 0000007783 00000 n
Details. Video Guide / Worksheets and Quizzes for Quizzes and Answer Sheet __ 2. For example, Dochub is the best editor for changing your documents online. Develop a solution to a technological problem that has the least negative environmental and social impact. long will it take, to the nearest 0. minutes, for the first P waves to travel from the epicenter to your station? Virtual Earthquake (tutorial/simulation) 1996. (5 minutes) Discuss how gathering information on epicenters can be applied. %%EOF
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The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. Accessed December 11, 2013. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment_magnitude_scale, Novak, Gary. 0000078100 00000 n
Three seismographs are needed. waves from a distant earthquake. %PDF-1.4
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Review their answers to assess their base knowledge of the subject matter. A.45 seconds B.50 seconds C.55 seconds D.65 seconds Answer Key: D Earthquakes can also cause tsunamis, which are very large waves that can damage coastlines and put coastal residents in danger. What are those limits? Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. In the U.S., earthquake measurements under the MMS (those of magnitude 3.5 or higher) are still commonly erroneously referred to by the general public and media as being on the Richter scale, due to more familiarity with the Richter scale. Ask students what fault they think caused this earthquake. Where the 3 circles intersect is the approximate location to the epicenter of the earthquake. It is called triangulation because a triangle has three sides, and it takes three seismographs to locate an earthquake. 0000002250 00000 n
Free K-12 standards-aligned STEM curriculum for educators everywhere. Then locate and click the link in the center of the page under the question: "How is an earthquake epicenter located and how is magnitude determined"? 107 0 obj
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The point where your ruler crosses the middle line on the chart marks the magnitude (strength) of the earthquake. You learned that seismologists determine the distance to the earthquake epicenter using the difference between S and P wave arrival times. Also commonly termed the focus. If a quake is near the seismograph, the S-waves arrive shortly after the P-waves. The USGS and its partners monitor and report earthquakes, assess earthquake impacts and hazards, and . To accurately locate an earthquake epicenter, records from three. This page titled 13.4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter is shared under a CC BY-SA license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Deline, Harris & Tefend (GALILEO Open Learning Materials) . Triangulation and Magnitude: Student pairs complete the worksheet, which includes following a tutorial/simulation accessed through the Earthquakes Living Lab. activity illustrates how the epicenter of an earthquake is found. Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake In this lab exercise, you will locate the epicenter of an earthquake. As the drum rotated, the 61 33
In this investigation, participants will understand that S and P waves are used to find the epicenter of an earthquake by using seismograph data to triangulate an epicenter. The magnitude determination is based on seismic data. Zip. The vertical lines, spaced one What is an earthquake? You will analyze the records and locate the earthquake using a method known Explains how to find an earthquake epicenter using at least three seismograph stations. Overhead transparency of each of the handouts, Overhead projector (contact classroom teacher about this) and screen, Optional: overhead transparency or PowerPoint of, What do you know about the causes and impacts of Earthquakes? The three seismograms in this activity are unfi ltered station records from a single event that occurred on August 1, 1999. Run through the investigation yourself and record the data, just to see how long it takes. : an American History (Eric Foner), Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Forecasting, Time Series, and Regression (Richard T. O'Connell; Anne B. Koehler), Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward), Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), Campbell Biology (Jane B. Reece; Lisa A. Urry; Michael L. Cain; Steven A. Wasserman; Peter V. Minorsky), How many minutes elapsed between the arrival of the first P wave and. The calculated distance from each seismometer to the earthquake is shown as a circle. 12), Analyze and interpret data about natural hazards using direct and indirect evidence
These distances are determined using a travel-time curve, which is a graph of Pand S-wave arrival times (see Figure 13.11). Yw8SxGk}X3kfTfW& gk`41#'uf7"G\fsN4^8jC7[+%`qFLFKpFc Earthquakes and Seismic Waves Key Concepts . 3. epicenter - the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus, or origin, of an earthquake. Epicenter Location on Earth's surface directly above the focus of the earthquake 5. pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface 1. Choose an answer and hit 'next'. The instrument detects and documents the intensity, direction and duration of ground vibrations, which are used to determine the epicenters and strength/magnitudes of earthquakes or other seismic events. seismograph: An instrument that measures motions of the ground, including those of seismic waves generated by earthquakes. Richter scale Method of earthquake measurement based on the amplitude of seismic . Practice with Triangulation: Locating an earthquake epicenter. Notify the classroom teacher of technology needs (overhead projector). 0000003991 00000 n
Several thousand seismographs exist at locations around the planet, continuously measuring abnormalities in the Earth's movement. The longer the time between the arrival of the P-wave and S-wave, the farther away is the epicenter. The western U.S. has more faults than the eastern U.S., and therefore the western U.S. has more earthquakes. Figure 8. Question 5 of 22 4.55/ 4.55 Points Questions 5 through 11 are based on Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake. They make a model of a seismographa measuring device that records an earthquake on a seismogram. Next, have student groups answer the eight questions in the. Earthquakes Living Lab: Finding Epicenters & Measuring Magnitudes. Read through the sections What Is Seismology and What Are Seismic Waves?, Where Do Earthquakes Happen?, and Why Do Earthquakes Happen? to answer the following questions: What is the difference between S and P waves? Thanks for your feedback! Describe the logarithmic nature of the earthquake magnitude scale. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. trailer
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Students also investigate which structural designs are most likely to survive an earthquake. Expert Answer. How is the magnitude of an earthquake determined? How many minutes elapsed between the arrival of the first P wave and the last measurable 0000001408 00000 n
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Book: Laboratory Manual for Introductory Geology (Deline, Harris & Tefend), { "13.01:_Introduction" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.
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